Babylonian law hammurabi code it is apparent that the hammurabi code is the product of a civilization rather than some other kind of early society? does the code illustrate key elements of what a civillation is as a form of human organization?

The Code of Hamurabi was a set of laws created in Mesopotamia, around the XVIII century BC, by King Hamurabi of the first Babylonian dynasty. The code was based on the Lex Talionis, which stated "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth”. Although it may seem a little barbaric for nowadays standards, the code was actually very sophisticated at that time, and provided a set of measures regarding property, family, work and human life. The code prescribed that for each act of law infraction, there must be a proportional punishment.

Although there was no equality before the law, considering that the Babylon empire was a society based on hierarchic principles, the purpose of this code was to homogenize the kingdom legally and ensure a common culture, therefore, holding the key to a civilized human organization, where human disputes could be settled by a law in common.

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regarding the law, the 15th amendment was specifically designed thinking in the rights of black free men.

even though ratified on february 3, 1870, the promise of the 15th amendment would not be fully applied for a long time.poll taxes and literacy tests would allow southern states disenfranchise african americans. only in 1965 the voting rights for african americans would be actually able to vote in the south.

in 1965, president johnson signed the voting rights act, which aimed to overcome legal barriers that prevented african americans from voting as it was guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the u.s. constitution.