What age gave freedman the same rights as other american citizens with the exception of the right to vote

What triumphs did the late 19th century witness in the realms of industrial growth, urbanization, and technological innovation? what challenges did these developments pose for urban dwellers, workers, and recent immigrants? how did city officials and everyday citizens respond to these challenges?

Plz i will give use examples from the lessons and your own personal experiences to compose at least one well-developed paragraph on the following: define the term reserved powers, and give an example of a reserved power of government.

Which fundamental right is protected in this excerpt ?