The "volta do mar" a) were improved sails built upon the technology of the lateen. b) was the portuguese name for the slave trade network established with west african rulers. c) were the portuguese-built class of sailing vessels whose purpose was control the west african coastline. d) was a portuguese-perfected knowledge and application of wind patterns used to sail along the west african coastline.

The correct answer is D) was a Portuguese-perfected knowledge and application of wind patterns used to sail along the West African coastline.

The "Volta Do Mar" was a Portuguese-perfected knowledge and application of wind patterns used to sail along the West African coastline.

Without a doubt, Portuguese navigators were one of the most innovative sailers of their time. Portuguese explorers even had a navigation school established by Prince Henry in 1419, because exploration and the dominion of the seas was a priority to the kingdom of Portugal. Portuguese sailors developed a great technique called "Volta Do Mar" during the so-called Agre of Discovery. This technique perfectioned the knowledge of the North Atlantic Gyre, better known as the permanent cycle of the wind in the Atlantic Ocean. This made Portuguese sailors know more and depend on the wind to sail their ships.

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