Why does washington feel that the us should not create "artificial ties" with european nations

To George Washington, Europe was involved in a lot of controversies due to their primary interests that had no connection to the United States. For that reason, he thought distancing themselves from their friendships and enminities was a wise decision and allowed the country to pursue a different course and their own interests.

presidency should be the title

the graph shows the spread of railways in the 1800s.

based on the graph, the conclusion that can be drawn about germany is answer d)   by 1880, germany had more rail lines than great britain and russia.