The democrats fought almost bitterly at times over: a. banking policies b. slavery issues c. tariff rates d. all of the above

The answer is D.all of the above.  During the era of slavery, many Democrats favored the slave system as it was their main source of labor in the plantations.  They also fought against banking systems because they were worried about the controls that the banks had over people’s money.  They also debated on tariffs due to the protection of their local industries.

polling is a process and the outcome is not involved in the process itself.

the outcome, which is an unfavorable rating for a particular candidate is not affected by the mechanical process of polling.

it rather depends on the number of people voting in favor of the candidate.

this is an outcome of people's preferences.

the constitution of the united states gave congress the absolute authority over immigration laws