The idea of what provided a means for converting the abstract principle that all power flowed from the people into a workable practice

The social contract is a principle originated during the Enlightment Era (intrdouced by Rousseau), and it states that the power of the state resides on its citizens, and in order to exercise it (or to translate this power into a workable practice) they should have the right to choose their political representatives through suffrage.

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts

after the roman empire, the catholic church began to unify by taking on many duties of a government.