During reconstruction, the congressmen who wanted to punish the south for starting the civil war were

Southern Redeemers. Northern Democrats. Radical Democrats.

Radical Republicans wanted to punish the South for starting the war. They also wanted to be sure new governments in the southern states would support the Republican Party.

the compromise of 1850 was a package of five separate bills passed by the united states congress in september 1850, which defused a four-year political confrontation between slave and free states on the status of territories acquired during the mexican–american war

the name of the theory is landmass theory.