1. the process by which the constitution was approved by the states is known as
a. vetoing.
b. ratification.
c. impeachment.
d. levying.

B. Ratification

A. This is a power the president has, to veto a bill/law.
C. Impeachment is when the President gets "kicked" out of office for doing something incorrect.
D.Levying Imposing a tax, etc.

Thus, once the Constitution was approved it was known as ratification.

They made a checks and balance system to equal power within the branches. the "check" meant that one branch would watch one branch and "balance" them if they were too powerful. if you want more info on this, i would just google checks and balance system.