In the middle ages, who would have been considered a heretic by the church?

Any group that defended ideas contrary to the "official" ideas of the pope and the high clergy, or the dogmatic positions of the Church, would be considered a heretic. Among the main groups are the Albigenses and the Vaudois.

The Albigenses of the city of Albi in France defended the existence of a church in favor of the poor and excluded and without concentration of wealth, especially lands. They criticized luxury in which the upper clergy and its political influence lived.

The Waldensians, dispersed in various parts of Western Europe, defended poverty, prayer and penance as a way of approaching man and God.

the law supported victims of political persecution.

explanation:

the correct answer is a) egypt and china.

egypt and china are two of the world’s oldest civilizations known by man. both ancient empires have left a great historic and cultural legacy to the world through archeology. both civilzations developed complex social relations, had deep religious beliefs, had dominion of agriculture and left writing records to understand their customs and culture.

among the requirements to consider a civilization, we find urbanization, writing records, a place of residence, agriculture methods, technological specialization, means of transportation, currency, population density, social stratification, and political integration.