What are the "musts" of citizenship called

He seventeenth amendment to the us constitution calls for the direct election of all us senators. this means that the people of each state get to vote to decide who will be their two us senators. before this, the legislatures of each state chose the two us senators from that state with no direct involvement of the average voter. why would this amendment be considered a reform? how would it benefit the people? even today some people claim that the seventeenth amendment was a bad idea. what arguments could be made for reverting selection of us senators back to the state legislatures?

When there are advances in technology, such as the personal computer, how might business productivity change? a) productivity is separate from technological advances so there is no impact. the new technology can replace outdated, less efficient, machinery. o) the businesses' products will no longer be demanded. d) manufactured items will be made elsewhere.

What group benefited most from the supreme court decisions in mcculloch v. maryland and gibbons v. ogden?