Which of these events were pre-columbian

roosevelt believed that in light of the country's recent military successes, it was unnecessary to use force to achieve foreign policy goals, so long as the military could threaten force. this belief, and his strategy of “speaking softly and carrying a big stick,” shaped much of roosevelt's foreign policy.

result of the incas claiming exclusive right over numerous traditional routes, some of which had been constructed centuries earlier mostly by the wari empire

nationalization is the set of dispositions and operations by means of which the state assumes, in varied form, the administration of private companies, of groups of companies or of the totality of certain economic sectors previously managed by individuals, such as the land portions. nationalization is the opposite of privatization. it is also called nationalization of the means of production, although a nationalized company can be previously both national and foreign ownership. nationalization or nationalization is a very characteristic action of ideologies such as socialism and nationalism.

the corporations allowed investment without risk of personal property, fueling the growth of new businesses.