In 1870, many black americans were poor and illiterate. many southern states required voters to pay a poll tax and/or pass literacy tests before voting. as a result, many blacks were not allowed to vote. did states with policies like these violate the 15th amendment?

yes and no they found a loop hole in the amendment so they could make it near impossible for any person of color to vote also the created the grandfather clause which made anyone who was related to a person of color not eligible to vote (if they were related to colored people of two generations)

true

coz they had the rank system in society according to the economic power of the people