Which statement best expresses the central idea of the excerpt

The  pan-african movement  was an "emotional, cultural, psychological and ideological  movement  that began among the  african  dispora in the western hemisphere, for a closer  purpose, so that  african  people could feel secure, attain political, economic as well as psychological power visa vis other races or world regions" .

The first one is russia because in russia they were on the rough times and they never had a way to get out of