What system made the ottoman empire so successful?

D) Autocracy is your best answer.

The Ottoman Empire is reigned by a Sultan (the head of the government), with a central government (One (& the only) branch holds all the power) as support for the Sultan. This means that as long as the head (Sultan) is a capable man, he is able to provide needs (& wants) to his people, as well as provide universal healthcare and benefits, as well as profits from across seas and either peace or territorial expansions.

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which colony was founded, in part, as a place for english debtors?

a) georgia