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describe the problems african americans faced in the north.

African Americans in the north faced many forms of subtle discrimination in housing, schooling, and public accommodations. Many were relegated to certain sections of town and enjoyed very limited mobility. Many white neighborhoods had restrictive covenants and barred black residents from moving in. Many communities lacked any real representation and political power.

the catholic church withhold people's access to the bible during the middle ages.

people could go to church and listen to the teachings, but it was absolutely forbidden to own and/or read the books of both the old and new testaments. it was also prohibited to translate the books (which where originally in biblical hebrew) to any other language.

this was done so the church could remain in control of what their teachings were and to enhance their importance and power, while also being able to judge people's actions through information that was unavailable for the general public.

necessary and proper clause. the congress shall have power to all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of the united states, or in any department or officer thereof.