How did great britain use australia as a penal colony?

Seeking to pre-empt the French colonial empire from expanding into the region, Britain chose Australia as the site of a penal colony, and in 1787, the First Fleet of eleven convict ships set sail for Botany Bay, arriving on 20 January 1788 to found Sydney, New South Wales, the first European settlement on the continent

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john maynrd keynes developed new economic respose to the                           ( b. great depression if the 1930's)