Japan displayed the strenght of its modernized military in wars against

Russia

Explanation: Russia waged war against japan and lost badly due too strong navy 1904

federal appellate courts are called courts of appeals. cases can be further appealed to the u.s. supreme court. cases are heard for the first time in a trial court. if either party disagrees with the decision in the trial court, they can appeal, asking a higher court to review the decision.

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c]extended voting rights to african americans