What metaphor did people use when referring to more territory joining the united states?

it "join or die",this was created by Benjamin Franklin telling the other states to join the U.S

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".

the answer is mass marketing.