Judging from the example of japan why might a nation turn to military leaders and extreme nationalist during a crisis

The second , larger puritan colony of massachusetts bay was conceived as a "city upon a hill". but it also struggled with internal turmoil like the salem witch trials and external conflicts like king philip's (metacom's) war.

Assemblies do not have written codes of laws. laws are matters for magistrates and courts, not assemblies. codes of law are things such as civil law, criminal law, and constitutional law. what assemblies have are procedures regarding debating, voting and other business they might carry out.  also note that rome had three assemblies: the assembly of the soldiers, the assembly of the tribes, and the plebeian councils.

It is c because it shows how the author is stating their own oppinion about the protagonist