Which of the following statements is not true of both the first crusade,
launched in 1095 ce, and the fourth crusade, launched a century later?
a. each set out to conquer jerusalem.
b. each expand the influence of christianity.
c. each was initiated by a pope.
d
d. each was undertaken in response to islamic expansion.

Cherokee  removal, part of the trail of tears, refers to the  forced  relocation between 1836 and 1839 of thecherokee  nation from  their lands ingeorgia, south carolina, north carolina, tennessee, texas, and alabama to the indian territory (present day oklahoma)  in  the thenwestern united states, and the resultant deaths