How did pirates and smugglers reflect a growing sense of autonomy among british colonists in the 17th century? (4 points) both groups supported open rebellion against british control to create separate nations. both groups saw mercantilist policies as opportunities for growth outside the british empire. both groups demanded british recognition and respect for their laws and traditions. both groups developed an independent political culture separate from the british monarchy.

Both groups developed an independent political culture separate from the British monarchy.

Explanation:

During the 17th century Great Britain gained a lot of money by controlling the colony trade, the Parliament passed laws that restricted the colonies will and also issued taxes.

As a result of that, colonists started to realize that they could violate the laws by trading with pirates and smugglers. Even though Queen Elizabeth had several famous pirates, at that point smugglers and pirates detached themselves from the British Monarchy and because of that they were the main preference of the colonists.

norsemen from northern countries had made earlier journeys

the court ruled that a state law that banned abortions (except to save the life of the mother) was unconstitutional

hope this : )