In the mid-13th century, the mongols conquered much of the eastern islamic world. the center of islamic power moved from baghdad to egypt. the lords of egypt at that time were mamluks. the definition of the word mamluk translates to

Explanation:

Slave

china unilaterally claims the entire south china sea as sovereign territory, then builds artificial islands to bolster its claim. it suddenly activates an air defense identification zone over the east china sea, and threatens to down any aircraft that does not report its position. it builds roads into indian territory, then redraws the maps to show that it is actually chinese territory. the people's republic under president xi jinping is quickly becoming the bully of asia.

a.   it resulted in widespread unemployment.