the mycenaeans became wealthy both by trading with peoples around the
mediterranean and by launching

The Mycenaeans became wealthy both by trading with peoples around the Mediterranean and by launching against Troy across the Aegean Sea.

EXPLANATION  

Mycenaean expansion in the eastern Mediterranean began when the Mycenaean conquered Crete around 1450 BC. Minoan palace culture continues its journey following the Mycenaean spirit. After the fall of the "Minoan thalassocracy", Mycenaean domination spread rapidly to the islands of the Aegean Sea and Eastern Europe. Typical products from Late Helladic pottery and other products that are rarely found within a large radius of the Mycenaean territory are a guide to tracking Mycenaean presence in the east.

Mycenaean Economy and Trading

Some excavations have revealed that there are some workshops with fine metal works, jewelry and hippopotamus carvings on ivory. There is also evidence of making bronze and perfume. Mycenaean pays taxes using cow, pig, wool, and linen leather. Mycenaeans dominated Argoid, an important and rich region in north-eastern Peloponnese, and controlled trade in the Aegean Sea.

The rich supply of Mycenaean gold is believed to have originated in Egypt. Some speculate they were hired as mercenaries by pharaohs to get rid of their enemies and be paid in gold. It is possible that Minoa sailors went back and forth to transport Mycenaeans. This explains how the Mino people became so rich and their artwork developed during the period of military activity around 1600 BC.

LEARN MORE

If you’re interested in learning more about this topic, we recommend you to also take a look at the following questions:

•Which groups fought in the Trojan War?

KEYWORD: Mycenaean, Mediterranean, trading.

Subject: History

Class: 7 - 9

Subchapter: Mycenaean  

the bar kochba rebellion (132-135) against the roman empire, also known as the second jewish-roman war, was the second major jewish revolt in judea and the last of the great jewish-roman wars.

after the first jewish-roman war of the years 66-73, the roman authorities took measures to crush any new attempt of rebellion in judea. his political situation was modified and instead of a prefect a governor of praetorian rank was appointed, and in the ruins of jerusalem the seat of a complete roman legion, the legio x fretensis was established.

the political and religious direction of the jewish people was left in the hands of the sanhedrin, with initial headquarters in yavne.

the direct causes of the rebellion vary according to the source. the roman historian dio cassius (155-229) attributes the revolt to the decision of hadrian to found in the place of jerusalem a roman city called aelia capitolina (aelia by its own name and capitolina in honor of the roman god jupiter). on the other hand, the jewish sources, while recognizing this resolution as true, assign higher priority to the decrees dictated by hadrian that forbade the brit milah (circumcision), the respect of the sabbath and the laws of purity in the family.

hadrian's intention was to "civilize" and incorporate the jews once and for all into the greco-roman culture. for greek and roman culture, circumcision was an intolerable mutilation.

the jewish tradition tells in the midrash tanjuma a meeting between rabbi akiva and the governor turnus rufus, where he asked for an explanation about the circumcision.

an additional legion, the legio vi ferrata, moved to the province to maintain order, and work began in the year 131 after the governor of judea, turnus rufus performed the founding ceremony of aelia capitolina. a roman coin with the inscription aelia capitolina was struck in the year 132.

the tannaim rabbi akiva, who without being named nasi directed the sanhedrin, convinced the other members to support the imminent rebellion.

the jewish leaders carefully planned the second rebellion to avoid the numerous errors that had been committed in the first one. in the year 132 the rebellion led by bar kochba quickly expanded from modiim throughout the country, defeating the x roman legion based in jerusalem and destroying the xxii roman legion that had come from egypt.

the court ruled that a state law that banned abortions (except to save the life of the mother) was unconstitutional

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