Why did colonial leaders convene a provincial congress to govern massachusetts?

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".

what do you mean

the safahids used force when persuasion to convert from being a sunni muslim to embrace shi'ism was not effective. they also persecute shi'ites who have different views from their imposed teachings.