britain defended its colonial policies by arguing that the colonists had

Britain defended its colonial policies by arguing that the colonists had virtual representation in Parliament.

Explanation:

British officials claimed that American colonists were properly represented via virtual representation, even though the colonists insisted on having actual representation. According to the British, the Parliament had in mind the interests of all the subjects of the British Empire, not only those who elected the members of the Parliament.

d. people are naturally good, and their expressed will is what is best for society

explanation:

“the battle of stalingrad is not a turning point necessarily in strategic terms, because a lot more has to be done before the soviets can be certain of defeating germany,” says renowned world war ii historian richard overy. the germans had fought nearly a thousand miles across the soviet union to get to stalingrad.