Based on what you have read, were the first four crusades a success or failure for the europeans? why? (need it by tonight)

The first crusade was the most successful crusade to be done. The main goal was to recapture Jerusalem from the Sultanate, which they did. The second crusade was a failure, the siege of Damascus totally failed and Conrad and Louis went back empty handed. The third crusade was kind of successful, as Jerusalem fell again, Richard the Lionheart, Phillip the II, and Frederick Barbarossa tried to recapture it. They didn't, but the Crusaders were finally recognized by the Sultanate and they ended up having a truce for a couple years. The fourth crusade was a total failure, this was launched by Pope Innocent the III and they tried to recapture Jerusalem, again. This failed and made the Byzantine Empire fall and started the rise of the Latin Empire.

the answer would be:

b. race

it was the "4. potsdam" conference that demanded the unconditional surrender of japan, since it was clear that the japanese would continue to find until the very last man otherwise.