which purpose does the necessary and proper clause have in the constitution?

a. to keep the president from proposing bills or budgets to congress unless they are necessary and proper

b. to grant congress implied powers so that the government could address unforeseeable issues and changes

c. to lay out the rules and regulations that congress must follow when holding elections and swearing in members

d. to prevent congress from enacting any law that falls outside the scope of what is stated in the constitution

Option B is the right answer.

Explanation:

Article I of the constitution highlights the ‘necessary and proper clause’. It is a decree which states that the congress is conferred with extra powers to scrutinize and regulate the executive branch or any federal agency and bring in necessary changes in the government if need arises.

Congressional oversight powers enable the Congress to legislate laws and execute the same. It is also called Sweeping clause or Elastic clause.  

United States’ Constitution had granted a few powers that have to be exercised and apart from that there are implied powers that are given to congress which can be exercised when a government needs changes or has to undergo alterations.

the hereditary right of a monarch to rule from the mandate of heaven