How did the establishment of a race-based social hierarchy or hinder certain groups on the american colonies?
1865

The racism based on social status has been existing in the United States since a long time among the various races. In this process, some races have enjoyed certain rights and privileges while the other races which were mostly from Asian or African countries have been discriminated on the basis of their race. There was segregation and differences in the voting rights, employment, in the educational matter, land acquisition or in the matter related to citizenship.

punish germany and keep it weak,

c, because the american revolution was from 1765 to 1783.