1.) why did white southern democrats disenfranchise black men with things like the jim crow laws?
a.) they feared the consequences of african americans having political power.
b.) they hoped african americans would leave the south after being denied rights.
c.) they wanted to encourage literacy among formerly enslaved african americans.
d.) they worried that african americans would dismantle republican governments.

C.) They wanted to encourage literacy among formerly enslaved African Americans.

Explanation:

Jim Crow Laws was implemented between the phase of Reconstruction and Civil Rights movement. This law ensured the segregation of rights for the coloured and white men.

This law was based on equal but separate principle where there were separate facilities for coloured and white men. Black people could work in government agencies but were allowed minor posts for the job.

Later supreme court passed law to eliminate segregation in certain fields, but the segregation was eliminated by law only after the civil rights movement.

explanation:

the addition to geographic boundaries that might have  kept the people of the huang river civilization from traveling to far distance region is that they had learned about the other river valley civilizations but feared contact would bring invasion.

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