Which of these best explains why guilds had a positive effect on trade during the middle ages?
a) guilds offered membership based on patriarchy and primogeniture.
b) guilds joined trade leagues due to intimidation by non-christians.
c) guilds petitioned rulers to remove taxes and tolls that impeded trade.
d) guilds were based on religion and each religion had specific marketplaces.

C)Guilds petitioned rulers to remove taxes and tolls that impeded trade.

Explanation:

The guilds were associations of merchants who had the mandate to control the fair of the business in a certain territory. The middle ages guilds were meant to protect the merchant from exploitative, such as exploitative taxes, while at the same time protecting the consumer.

Guild members were excluded from paying exploitative taxes to the administrators. This exemptions came as a petition on grounds of their new influence, as guilds to the administrators, that is, the city lords.

answer:

won re-nomination with no opposition he also had the support of his party

explanation:

it saw incumbent president andrew jackson, candidate of the democratic party, defeat henry clay, candidate of the national republican party. jackson won re-nomination with no opposition, and the 1832 democratic national convention replaced vice president john c. calhoun with martin van buren.