During the 2000 republican presidential primaries, campaign consultants in favor of george w. bush’s election conducted a poll in which potential primary voters were asked whether they would be likely to vote for or against john mccain after learning that his "campaign finance proposals would give labor unions and the media a bigger influence on the outcome of elections." clearly, the consultants’ goal was not to find out how many people were going to vote for mccain, but to spread negative information about bush’s opponent while posing as pollsters. this is an example of