How was the election of 2008 unique in american history?

a.
no candidate won a majority of the popular vote.

b.
a third-party candidate won the election.

c.
the first african american president was elected.

d.
the first catholic president was elected.

polling is a process and the outcome is not involved in the process itself.

the outcome, which is an unfavorable rating for a particular candidate is not affected by the mechanical process of polling.

it rather depends on the number of people voting in favor of the candidate.

this is an outcome of people's preferences.