Summarizing describe two painting styles that became
popular in the late nineteenth or early twentieth century.

Classical canons at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries were replaced by realistic ones. Namely realism at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century became the basic method of teaching in academies, turned into a dogmatic system. The style of realism painting of the 19th century spread to almost all genres: portraits, landscapes, still-life paintings. Favorite topics of realist artists were the following: paintings with genre scenes of rural and urban life of the working class, peasants, scenes of street life, cafes and nightclubs. Realists sought to convey the instant of life in dynamics, most plausibly emphasizing the features of the appearance of the ‘actors,’ their experiences and feelings.

Another style - modernism - also originated at the turn of the 19-20 centuries. The purpose of this trend in painting was to create unique paintings that are not similar to others. The main feature of the paintings in modernism style is a special vision of the world by the author. Artists in their work ‘rebelled’ against the values of realism. Self-awareness is a vivid characteristic of this direction. This often led to experiments with form, as well as a tendency to abstraction. Representatives of modernism paid particular attention to the materials used and the work process. One of the most striking representatives of modernism were Henry Matisse and Pablo Picasso.

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