In china, food shortages, corruption in government, and high rates of opium addiction led to

the opium wars.
the taiping rebellion.
the boxer rebellion.
the open door policy.

The right answer is "the Taiping Rebellion."

Explanation:

The Taiping Rebellion or Taiping Revolution (1850-1864)  had several motives. It was an expression of deep frustration and anger with the decadence of the Qing dynasty, which proved uncapable of reforming and modernizing China in the 19th century. It was started by the God Worshipping Society , an organization resembling a cult, a sect, whose leader was self-proclaimed prophet Hong Xiuquan. They held the old historical capital of Nanjing for a decade. The rebellion was ultimately crushed. More than 20 million people died.

bismarck believed in using force

is the correct answer!

the answer is a, salt plain