Is the source a primary or secondary source? how do you know? be specific

YES, it is a PRIMARY SOURCE

Explanation:

Because it was written by someone who was there. Also because it uses first person perspective making it primary source

can we each -wise?

1. it was caused by feudalism

2. charlemagne used christianity as a major cornerstone for his rule. cloisters were built all over the empire to act as centers for the (re)population of the vast european wilderness.

3. the europeans feared the next raid every time chetak

i'm not so sure about #6. but i hope i you with the first 3.