Which was a result of the thirty years' war?

-germany was much closer to becoming a unified nation.

-spain was a weaker nation and france a stronger one.

-catholicism became the official religion of england.

-the idea of europe as a catholic realm was strengthened.

B: Spain was a weaker nation and France a stronger one.

This was the result of the Thirty Years' War.

Explanation:

There were various reasons, religious, territorial and commercial rivalries which led to a thirty-year war, from 1618 to 1648 in European’s history. It started with the Holy Roman emperor imposing Roman Catholic absolutism on his domains and the protest of Bohemians and Austrians to the same.

Various other political reasons kept fueling the war between Poland, Spain, Russia, Moscow. In all these conflicts, Germany suffered the most. So, it couldn’t become a unified state. At the end, peace of Westphalia  recognized Europe as an organisation of equal independent states. France emerged as the strongest nation as Spain was hurt badly.

i do believe its (d) it allowed the government to offer pioneers sixty acres of western land if they lived on it and made improvements to it.

explanation: signed into law in may 1862, the homestead act opened up settlement in the western united states, allowing any american, including freed slaves, to put in a claim for up to 160 free acres of federal land. by the end of the civil war, 15,000 homestead claims had been established, and more followed in the postwar years

those who allied with france gained land and power.