How was power centralized in the inca empire, japan, and ottoman empire?

the answer is: as a  monarchy.

Explanation:

Inca Empire-- the Sapa ( emperor)  Inca exercising the ultimate government authority. His powers were not limited by law. the royal council helped him rule and was made up mostly of royalty or close family members, high priests and generals.

Japan Empire-- Imperial Japan; constitutional policy with the emperor as reigning monarch; industrialization, urbanization, and an increasingly mobile society.

Ottoman Empire--a complex organization of government with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants.

Parliamentary monarchy was re-established in the Ottoman Empire on July, 23rd 1908.

in the 1800s, locomotives powered by steam made transportation faster and cheaper. the resulting rapid growth of railroads led to the connection of the atlantic and pacific railroad in oklahoma city in 1897.

in the last years of the century, the improvement of steam-based engines the expansion and growth of railroads. this growth increased when the companies started to build and expand, such as the atlantic and pacific railroad, which connected new mexico with california, and missouri with oklahoma. many of these new networks were built in oklahoma, and these changes transportation henceforward.