Booker t. washington urged african americans to:

a. work hard and achieve economic success.

b. move to the north to avoid lynching.

c. move back to africa to escape american racism.

d. reject segregation and fight for equality with whites.

submit

A. Work hard and achieve economic success.

Explanation:

Booker T Washington, an educator, believed that learning industrial skills and crafts plus the cultivation of patience, enterprise and thrift could help African-Americans to advance in the post-Reconstruction  era (19th century). He encouraged his fellow black Americans to attain economic security first before pushing for civil rights.

dirty, contaminated water

contaminated food,

chlostrophobic living spaces,

mice infestation,

etc,

the crusades are one of the most significant events in the history of europe and the middle east.   they were a series of religious wars carried out by christian crusaders from europe during the timeframe of the middle ages.   beginning in 1095 ce, the crusades saw european knights and noblemen travel to the middle east in an attempt to capture the holy land away from muslim people that had controlled the region for the previous centuries.   the term crusade means ‘cross’.   therefore, the europeans that became crusaders viewed themselves as ‘taking up the cross’.   in fact, many of the crusaders wore crosses on their clothing and armor as they made their pilgrimage to the holy land.

explanation: