What does the author, john j, mean by the indispensable necessity of government?

By 'indispensable necessity of government', the author means that it is some of the people's rights that the government feeds on to be powerful, and it is certainly righteous.

Explanation:

Here through the use of this phrase 'indispensable necessity of government', author John J. has tried to clarify that a government has to be powerful for it to be able to govern its subjects efficiently, and for that to happen, it is the necessity of the government that its subjects feed the government by giving up some of their rights.

offline recommendation systems option b

because recommendation systems produce a list of two ways

1. through collaborative filtering

or

2. through content-based filtering