Which statement best describes the effects of nationalism in europe?

1.it created a lack of trust and often obstructed negotiations in europe.
2.it created a universal patriotism for all europeans.
3.nationalism created a wave a optimism and acceptance internationally.
4.nationalism had no impact on europe during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

2 - It created a universal patriotism for all Europeans.

Explanation:

The term is used to describe the sentiment and attitude that members of a nation have when forming a national identity. In the 19th century, this idea take form in several movements in Europe, such as the Germanism, Pan Slavism, and the Revanchism. Each of these movements attempts to unite their people based on the idea of representativity, and cultural or language proximity.

whose power in the senate is equal to the power of the speaker of the house?