In 1865, southern whites defined freedom as and southern blacks defined freedom as

In 1865, Southern blacks defined freedom as "independence from white control", while Southern whites defined freedom as "controlling their future without interference of the North".

Explanation:

In 1865, African American activists opposed the Reconstruction policies of President Andrew Johnson, which excluded blacks from southern politics and allowed state legislatures to pass restrictive “black codes” regulating the lives of the freed men and women.

Total resistance to these discriminatory laws, as well as growing opposition to Johnson’s policies in the North, led to a Republican victory in the U.S. congressional elections of 1866 and to a new phase of Reconstruction that would give African Americans a more active role in the political, economic and social life of the South.

1. darius the great     persia  

2. piankhi       nubia

3. ezana       aksum

4.     nebuchadnezzar     babylonia

5. shalmaneser iii     assyria

congress also has implied powers, which derive from the necessary and proper clause of the constitution and permit congress "to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of the united states.