Governmental power in the roman republic was divided among many groups as a form of checks and balances. which of these provided a structure for government in the early roman republic?

The Roman Republic was an aristocratic regime run by some forty gens; the patricians, the descendants of the oldest families in Rome held power. The main institutions of the new regime were the Senate, the magistracies and the Elections.

The Senate was one of the pillars of the Republic, being the political body that demanded responsibilities to the consuls. Originally the Senate was constituted only by patricians, but from the Lex Ovinia of the year 312 a. C., the commoners were allowed to be part of it. The Senate auctoritas gave validity to the agreements taken in the popular assemblies. The Senate also resolved the cases of interregnum, a situation that occurred when one of the consuls died.

The Judiciary was an original office of the Republic. The leadership held by the rex or monarch was replaced by two collegiate and temporary magistrates called consuls who could be held accountable for their task of government. Each magistrate could veto the other, what was known as intercessio.

Also during the Republic the popular assemblies, called Comitia Centuriata, were created. They were born due to military needs, in intimate connection with the expansion of the city and with the arrival in Rome of a new concept of military tactics. While in the monarchical era, the army was composed of members of the gens, in the Republic the army became a plutocratic system, dependent on the wealth of each subject. At first only real estate wealth was estimated, but later the furniture was taken into account.

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