How did courts once interpret the equal protection clause to rule in favor of
laws that segregated white americans and african americans?
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a. they argued that equal protection required groups of citizens to
be protected from one another if the groups disagreed.
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b. they decided that equal protection referred only to laws that
affected citizens' fundamental rights, such as freedom of speech.
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c. they argued that only the federal government was required to
provide equal protection of the laws.
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d. they claimed that the laws treated both groups equally because
neither could use the services and facilities designated for the
other group.