Question refers to the excerpt below.

"in a free government the security for civil rights must be the same as that for religious rights. it consists in the one case in the multiplicity of interests, and in the other in the multiplicity of sects. the degree of security in both cases will depend on the number of interests and sects; and this may be presumed to depend on the extent of country and number of people comprehended under the same government. this view of the subject must particularly recommend a proper federal system to all the sincere and considerate friends of republican government, since it shows that in exact proportion as the territory of the union may be formed into more circumscribed confederacies, or states oppressive combinations of a majority will be facilitated: the best security, under the republican forms, for the rights of every class of citizens, will be diminished: and consequently the stability and independence of some member of the government, the only other security, must be proportionately increased. justice is the end of government. it is the end of civil society. it ever has been and ever will be pursued until it be obtained, or until liberty be lost in the pursuit."—james madison, from the federalist no. 51, 1788

the excerpt reflects which fundamental debate that continued through the early 1800s? (5 points)

the scope and role of the federal government

the balance of power between the judiciary and executive branches

the influence of the wealthy to affect and limit the power of government

the restriction of immigration based on country of origin and religion