Which were characteristics of early civilization in the indus valley?

 The characteristics of early civilization in the Indus Valley are "streets designed in a grid pattern and cities including Mohenjo-Daro".

Explanation:

The civilization of the Indus River developed around 3000 BCE and burgeon for about 1500 years before entering a period of decline mysteriously. The huge research resulted into name of sites as Harappa after a nearby village and to Mohenjo Daro, a local term meaning "hill of the dead."

Harappa and Mohenjo Daro were cities designed with expert planning and a grid pattern of wide, straight streets. The city was covered by thick walls.Most people lived in solid, multiple-story brick houses. Several houses had toilets and bathrooms, linked with the first sewage system in the world.

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the graph shows the spread of railways in the 1800s.

based on the graph, the conclusion that can be drawn about germany is answer d)   by 1880, germany had more rail lines than great britain and russia.