According to the lecture, this technological development lead to the end offeudal states and the beginning of colonialism. mechanized farming the compass guns sailing vessels

Guns

Explanation:

Gunpowder was invented in China during the Tang Dynasty, and it reached Europe in the 13th century. In the following decades, gunpowder weapons spread, while traditional steel and iron weapons such as swords decline.

This led to the development of professional armies that used guns instead of swords. The nobility armies declined, and as the nobles could not claim to be protectors of their manors, feudalism declined as well.

regarding the law, the 15th amendment was specifically designed thinking in the rights of black free men.

even though ratified on february 3, 1870, the promise of the 15th amendment would not be fully applied for a long time.poll taxes and literacy tests would allow southern states disenfranchise african americans. only in 1965 the voting rights for african americans would be actually able to vote in the south.

in 1965, president johnson signed the voting rights act, which aimed to overcome legal barriers that prevented african americans from voting as it was guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the u.s. constitution.