The first amendment of the us constitution protects which basic freedom?

Freedom of Speech.

Explanation:

Amendment I

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.

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"they had a large area of land that they owned."

d.

the northwest territory became the most densely populated area in the u.s.