Which period in european history is most closely associated with these statements?
classical greco-roman ideas were revived by men like leonardo da vinci.
wealthy patrons supported the arts and education.
humanism spread throughout western europe.
protestant reformation
renaissance
middle ages
industrial revolution

The Renaissance.

Explanation:

The Renaissance influenced the arts, architecture, literature , music and even daily customs. It started in Italy in the 14th century. Classical culture (ancient Greece, Rome) was rediscovered and reinterpreted; painters found new motives , expressed in wonderfully colored works; cathedral and public buildings were design in new styles. The Renaissance is a time of humanistic flowering, of revisiting the joys and meaning of life, leaving behind the gray and strict canons of the previous periods  of the Middle Ages.

c. troops marched forward in close formation against newer, more accurate weapons

necessary and proper clause. the congress shall have power to all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of the united states, or in any department or officer thereof.