During the abbasid dynasty, the council that advised the caliph was led by a prime minister known as a(n)
a. vizier
c. sultan
b. quran
d. astrolabe

The correct answer is A) vizier.

During the Abbasid dynasty, the council that advised the caliph was led by a prime minister known as a vizier.

The vizier was an equivalent of a Chief Minister in the Abbasid Caliphates. It was a prominent political figure in Muslims governments that served as a counselor due to his knowledge and experience. The vizier figure was also used in later years in places such in other nations such as the Persians, the Arabs, the Mongols, and the Turks.

the process is called revolution because it was a process of great economic-social transformations that began in england in the xviii century.

the industrial mode of production spread throughout much of the northern hemisphere throughout the xix and early xx centuries.

the effect of this revolution was the distance between the countries, with respect to economic and political power.   after all, not all industrialized at the same time, remaining in the condition of suppliers of raw materials and agricultural products to the industrialized countries.

these differences mark to this day the nations of the world that are divided between developed and developing countries. one way to measure whether a country is advanced is to assess how industrialized it is.