Based on this excerpt were the efforts of the tokugawa shogunate to unify, stabilize, and centralize japan an example of effective leadership

the answer is d. give brainliest if right.

ps is this 7th grade civics?

congress also has implied powers, which derive from the necessary and proper clause of the constitution and permit congress "to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of the united states.

the heightened emotion and nature images.

this statement is   true